Spinning unit



F. KLEIN SPINNING UNIT April 26, 1938.

Filed Sept. 26, 1936 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

April 26, 1938.

F. KLEIN SPINNING UNIT Filed Sept. 26, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet I5 kw wATTORNEY.

Patented. Apr. 26, 1938 PATENT orrlcr.

SPINNING UNIT Frederick Klein, Glen Mk, N. 1., alslgnor to Slpp-EastwoodCorporation, Paterson, N. 1., a

corporation of New Jersey Application September 26, 1936, Serial No.102,792

'18 Claims.

This invention relates to yarn twisting units, and while it is hereinshown and described with particular reference to a .unit used forimparting two spinning or other twisting efforts to yarn (with perhapsdoubling of the yarn) it is not to be understood that it is so limitedin all its aspects. Also, while it is herein shown and described as ofthe class in which the stator and rotor are the corresponding elementsof an electric motor it is also not to be understood that it is solimited in all aspects.

Having reference to the unit as herein shown and described, or forimparting two twisting eiforts to yarn and in which the stator and rotorform an electric motor, the principal objects are to provide a unitwhich shall not be expensive to manufacture or to maintain, which shallbe highly eiflcient in operation, and which can in all respects behandled by the attendant without conscious electric shock or injury ofany kind and so that such operations as domng and the like and eflectingthe necessary threading when a new yarn supply is to replace theexhausted one can be completed with expedition.

The invention also contemplates a novel arrangement of means forimposing tension on the yarn which, according to the invention as hereinshown and described, is assumed to be delivered from rather than to awound yarn mass associated with the unit, to be collected in anotherwound mass or by any other take-up means.

The invention further contemplates efllcient means for controlling(starting and stopping) the rotor.

Other objects and their consequent advantages will be apparent from thefollowing description to those skilled in the art.

In the drawings,

Fig. l is a side elevation of the improved unit;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a front-to-rear vertical section in the plane of the rotoraxis;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevation, partly broken away, of thetension means, its casing and its main spring and detached from thenonrotary yam-mass holder;

Fig. 4a is a'section on a horizontal plane between parts 50 and 60, Fig.4;

Fig. 5 is a plan of said means with the upper plug or head thereofdetached and showing the casing in section;

Fig. 6 is a plan of the bracket 30, partly broken away, and theinsulating plates attached thereto;

Figs. 7 and 8 are .rear elevations of said plates;

Fig. 9 is a rear elevation of a certain detent;

Fig. 10 is a diagram of a system embodying the improved units; and

Fig. 11 diagrammatically shows the take-up drive.

As shown the unit is mounted on the rail I of a suitable frame so thatthe rotor axis is inclined at an angle of about 30.

The stator includes a concave-convex housing 2, here bowl-shaped, whosetop or mouth is enlarged at 3 and which is formed with a depending stem4 forming a bolster bored to provide a well 5 closed at the bottom andadapted to contain lubricating oil 6 and tapering downwardly for aconsiderable depth from its upper end, and the bottom of the housingalso having an upstanding barrier 1 around the well. At the top of itswell but below the top of such barrier the bolster is equipped with aball-bearing 8 and at the bottom of the well with a bearing in the formof a bushing 9 which rests on a rib it at the bottom of the well and hasa vertical by-pass groove ll. Open to the well and traversing thebearing 8 is a bypass I 2. Thus the oil, under the centrifugal action ofthe rotor spindle journaled in said bearings and due to the taper of thewell, may circulate, moving up through by-pass I2 and down throughbearing 8, which is positioned as high as possible, and barrier 1prevents the oil having access to the housing-proper and the containedmotor fleld. A flange l3 and a nut l4 clamp the bolster to the rail;preferably in the bolsterreceiving aperture 15 of the rail is a feltbushing It and between the flange and rail on the one hand and the railand nut on the other are a resilient, as rubber, gasket l1 and a springwasher it, these media serving to absorb vibration when thespindle-including rotor is being driven.

The stator also includes the annular motor field l9 one, 20, of whosethree leads 204i, extending through -a hole in the bottom of thehousing, may be grounded on the housing.

The rotor comprises a spindle 22, armature 23 and a disk comprisingparts 24-21 and 2|, the armature and disk being fast to the spindlewhose shoulder 22a is seated on bearing 8 which assumes the entirethrust of the rotor and its load, the lower end of the spindle beingreceived in bearing 9 which preserves the spindle in coaxial relation tobearing 8. The armature is within the housing and the disk is butslightly above its mouth and its disk proper 24 has a flange 24a whichdepends into the housing so as to leave a crevice through which air maycirculate to dissipate any heat generated within the housing. The diskproper also has an upstanding flange 24b notched at 240. From its upperend to the disk the spindie has a bore 22b communicating with that of atube 21 leading to said notch and being entered at one end in thespindle and at the other held to the disk proper by an eye-bolt 28through whose eye the tube extends. The disk as a part of the rotor thusforms both a guard, as a cover load of the holder.

of shock or injury to the operator if the rotor (which is alsoincidentally covered by the yarnmass holder, as will appear) is handledby the operator when being driven even at full speed.

The motor is here of the three-phase, alterhating-current, squirrel-cagetype and attached to the-housing of its stator is mechanism forestablishing or disestablishing connection between the leads 2| andbus-bars 29 of an electric circuit and for applying braking action tothe rotor when the connection is disestablished. Thus:

A bracket 30 here in the form of an inverted U and having a cross-bar30a formed with a projection 30b whose inner or forward face iscoincident with that of the bracket, is secured to the back of thehousing by screws 3|, forming a part of the stator. Between the bracketand the housing and penetrated by said screws is a pair of insulatingplates 32 and 33 having top recesses (and otherwise formed as in Figs. 7and 8 for a purpose to appear) and to the opposite face of such pair ofplates are secured in laterally offset relation to each other, each by apair of bolts 34, two spring blades or clips 35, the lower ends of whichengage and are arched to embrace, respec tively, the bus-bars 29, theirupper ends affording contacts. At the inner side of the pair of platesand secured thereto by bolts 36 is a pair of spring blades or clips 31affording contacts at their upper ends to engage the contacts of theblades 35, said bolts serving to connect the blades 3? respectively withthe leads 2!; in other words,

the blades 31 serve to close or open the breaks in the circuit existingbetween the upper ends of the blades and the bus-bars. Blades 31 areconnected by an insulating bridge member 38 fitted with a suitable (asleather) brake-shoe 39 adapted to bear against the flange 24b of thedisk 24 of the rotor. Movement of the device 31-38 to the right in Fig.2 disestablishes the electrical connection between blades 35 and 3'! andapplies the brake to the rotor, and movement to the left establishessuch connection and releases the brake. Each movement is quicklyeffected in each direction, leaving the device 31-48 held in its newposition, through a spring forming a toggle connection as follows: 45 isa lever having arms 40a forming a forked portion straddling andfulcrumed on the housing and equipped with an angular arm 40!) reachingupwardly and formed with a notch as shown receiving the lower end ofsaid spring, which is here a bent platespring 42 whose upper end isengaged in a notch in member 38. Movement of the lever in eitherdirection (which may be limited by its engagement with one of the stops4| shown in Fig. 1) requires tensioning the spring in order for thenotched point of its arm to pass a plane coincident with the leverfulcrum and the notch of member 38.

The construction of the holder for the wound yarn mass is as follows:There is a disk 43 dished at itsunder side, being in close-coveringrelation to (here telescoping flange 24a of) the rotor disk and having acentral upstanding post 43a. which slips loosely over the spindle, and aperipheral ledge 43b, being weighted at 43c. Seated in a resilient (asrubber) bushing 44 within a central socket in the disk is an annularballbearing 45 which rests on a shoulder or race 220 of the spindle,such assuming the entire thrust- Slipped with a snug fit over the post,so as to be removable therefrom, is a support having a bore and in theform of a tubular shank or casing 45 which may have, seated within aresilient bushing 41 therein, an annular ball-bearing 48 with which thespindle, which projects above the post, engages thus to maintain theholder coaxial with the spindle. The bushings 44 and 41 absorb vibrationincident to the rotation of the spindle relatively to the holder,

whose disk 43, weighted at 43c, normally tends.

to stand in the axial relation shown by Fig. 3 in the operative orinclined position of the unit (Fig. 1). The casing has a cut-out tongue46a pressed inwardly and above the tongue a slot 481), for a purpose toappear. It also has a circumferential inside shoulder 45c upon whichrests a washer 49.

Contained in the casing is a tension-assembly constructed as follows: Amounting is formed by two cylindrical plugs 50 and 5| adapted to fitfreely within the casing and a plate 52 rigidly connecting them; theadjoining portions of the plugs present flat faces to which the plate issecured. When the tension assembly is positioned in the casing a screw53 screwed into its plug 50 and engaged in the slot 45b limits itsvertical movement in each direction, it being however normally urgedupwardly by a helical spring 54 interposed between said plug and thewasher 49 and coiled about a stud 5Ia depending from the plug 5| andinto which the upper end of the spindle is here shown telescoped.Clearance to permit the plug 5| to pass tongue 4611 when the tensionassembly is entered to or removed from the casing is afforded by avertical groove 5th in such plug. The plate 52 has a vertical series ofbent outward spaced ribs 52a and thus affords one tension member. Theother is a plate 55 pivoted at 52b on plate 52 to move around a verticalaxis and having a vertical series of bent-inward ribs 55a adapted, whenplate 55 is urged from plate, 52, to coact with the ribs 52a. to gripthread or yarn which may be passed between the ribs when plate 55 isretracted as shown in Fig. 5. Plate 55 is normally urged from plate 52by a helical spring 55 engaged with a projection of plate 55 on the onehand and with the head of a rotary plunger device formed and arranged asfollows: The plug 50 is bored axially to receive a stem 5'! of theplunger whose said head 58 is arranged in a counterbore of the plug andis subject to the downward pressure of a helical spring 59 in thecounterbore. Removably afllxed to the upper enlarged protruding end ofthe stem is a knob 60 having a depending pin 6! to engage teeth 52formed at the top of the plug 50 around the stem. 63 is simply a pin onthe plug 50 arranged in the path of pin 6! to limit the rotation of theplunger and prevent over-tensioning the spring in adjusting it.

Through this plunger and head 5| extend axial bores 64 and .65. When theunit is to be threaded the yarn or thread extending from the wound mass,which is here formed on a bobbin 55 on the holder, is by a wire hookdrawn down through these bores and bore 22b and that of the tube 21(such bores together forming a yarn passage) and then extended upthrough a suitable guide to some take-up means as a rotated bobbin. Inorder to receive the thread between the ribs of the two tension membersthe tension assembly is depressed against the tension of spring 54 andthis causes a lug 55b on the member 55 to wipe against the tongue 46aand move said member to the position of Fig. 5. To adjust thetension ofspring 56 the plunger, by its knob, is elevated against the tension ofspring 59 to clear pin 6| from the teeth 62 and the plunger turned.

motor.

The holder for the wound mass should be retained against upwarddisplacement on domng. For this purpose '1 is a detent consisting of aplate having its upper end bent oi! so as to be adapted to overhang theledge b of disk 43, its lower portion formed as a depending bifurcatedshank whoa extremities 'are formed with lugs "a at diflerent elevations.This detent straddles the spring 42 and is loosely supported (as willappear) so that it tends by gravity to assume the position where itsbent-oi! upper end overhangs said ledge of disk I but being displaceableby the device 81-", so as to clear said ledge, when said device acts toclose the circuit to start the For its support, so that it is free totilt as indicated and yet is anchored against upward displacement whenits bent-oil end overhangs the ledge, its shank, which is received inthe top recess of plate 32, has its lugs "a engaged in notches 32aentering the-plate from its recess. The shank is backed by theprojection 80b of bar Ill and opposed at the front (thus retaining itsformed at different elevations the lugs of the detent arecorrespondingly positioned.

When the unit is at rest, the rotor being sub- Ject to the brakingaction of device 3l38, the

Y detent prevents elevation of the holder for the wound mass, as shownby full lines; when the unit is operating, device 3lll being incircuitclosing position, the detent is held back by said device thusclear of the thread-balloon portion.

It will be understood that with the yarn threaded through the rotor asdescribed, when the latter isin rotation a twist forms in the portion ofthe thread between the wound mass and the flier as the former rotatesrelatively to the latter and another twist forms in the ballooningportion of the yarn between the flier and the mentioned guide above theunit.

Fig. 10 shows the circuit connections in a case where, as preferred, theaforesaid units (here designated 2) are arranged in groups obtainingtheir current supply from feeders a to which the current suppliedthereto has been reduced from the standard 330 to 440 volts and 180cycles to 32 volts or less and 60 cycles, the motor of each unit beingpreferably as stated of the three-phase, alternating current,squirrel-cage type. From the feeders branch feeders b, having suitablecut-out means in the form of a master switch 0, lead to the primary of athree-phase transformer d, across whose primary are connected capacitors(condensers) e of sufllcient capacity normally to maintain a powerfactor of approximately 80% when all the units in the group areoperating. The secondary is connected to the bus-bars 29 for the unitsof each group by the suitably branched leads I. There may be reversingswitches g to connect the leads I with the bus-bars, so that the unitsmay be driven in either direction. If each unit is of the said type andthe circuit connections are substantially of the character set forth Ifind it possible to obtain all those advantages, having regard to thewhole complement of units which make up a spinning plant, which it willbe understood by those skilled in the art obtain where electricity isused as the motive force and in contrast to resort, as heretofore, tothe driving of the units by belts and pulleys with consequentnonuniformity in the resulting twist.

Fig. 11 shows the rotor h of an electric motor whose rotor shaft ithrough gearing i may drive the rotary bobbins on which thedouble-twisted yarn may be collected, and serving as the mentionedtake-up. This motor may be driven by current supplied to the leads I.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim is:

1. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator providing a bearing, a rotorincluding, with an upright spindle iournaled in the bearing and having adriven portion above the bearing, a substantially circular guard aboveand close to said driven portion and substantially concentric with thespindle; and a holder for the wound yarn mass journaled on the rotorabove the guard and normally held from rotation with the rotor, saidspindle having a yarn passage extending downwardly therethrough fromabove the holder and the guard havingyarn-guiding means by which theyarn from said passage is delivered at an eccentric point of the guard.

2. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator including a concavo-convexhousing arranged with its mouth open upwardly, a rotor including aspindle journaled in and coaxial with the housing and having a drivenportion arranged in the housing and a cover arranged in fixed relationto the spindle and in close-covering relation to the housing mouth, anda holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on the rotor above the coverand normally held from rotation therewithpsaid spindle having a yarnpassage extending downwardly through the spindle from above the holderand the cover having yarn guiding means by which the yarn is deliveredat an eccentric point of the cover.

3. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator including a concavo-convexhousing arranged with its mouth open upwardly, a rotor including aspindle journaled in and coaxial with the housing and having a drivenportion arranged in the housing and a cover arranged in fixed relationto the spindle and in close-covering relation to the housing mouth, anda holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on the rotor above the coverand normally held-from rotation therewith, said spindle having a yarnpassage extending downwardly through the spindle from above the holderand the cover having yarn guiding means by which the yarn is deliveredat an cecentric point of the cover and said holder comprising a disk inclose-covering relation to the cover and a tubular shank upstanding fromthe disk and receiving the spindle.

4. In a yarn twisting unit, the combination of supporting structure, anupstanding spindle supported-thereby, a holder for a wound yarn masspenetrated by the spindle, annular bearing means between the holder andspindle and sup- .porting the former on the latter, one of theelesupporting the holder on the spindle, one of the elements formed bythe spindle and holder being (ill rotary relatively to the other, andresilient bushings respectively arranged between said bearings and saidelements.

6. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator and a motor field, a rotorjournaled in the stator and including an armature to coact with thefield, an electric circuit containing the motor field windings andhaving a break, a device movable on the stator backand forth and whenmoved in one direction being adapted to close, and when moved in theother direction being adapted to open, the break and apply brakingaction to the rotor and means to move said device including a leverfulcrumed in the stator and a spring forming a toggle connection betweensaid lever and device.

'7. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled in thestator, a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on and coaxial with therotor and removable therefrom in one direction axially and normally heldfrom rotation therewith, said rotor having a yarn passage extendingtherethrough in the other direction and past the holder to an eccentricpoint of the rotor and through which yarn from said mass is to extendand then reach from the rotor in the first direction, and a detentmovable to one position to oppose removal of said holder, and to anotherposition to clear the same and the portion of the yarn which reaches inthe'first direction.

8. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator,

a rotor journaled in the stator, a holder for a wound yarn massjournaled on and coaxial with the rotor and removable therefrom in onedirection axially and normally held from rotation therewith, said rotorhaving a yarn passage extending therethrough in the other direction andpast the holder to an eccentric point of the rotor and through whichyarn from said mass is to extend and then reach from the rotor in thefirst direction, a detent movable to one position to oppose removal ofsaid holder and to another position to clear the same and the portion ofthe yarn which reaches in the first direction, and means movable in onedirection to cause starting of and in the other direction to stop therotor, said means controlling the position of the detent.

9. The yarn twisting unit set forth in claim 8 characterized by saiddetent being normally urged in the direction to oppose removal of saidholder and by said means when moved to cause starting of the rotor beingadapted to move said detent to the second-named position.

10. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled in thestator, a holder for a wound yarn mass journaled on and coaxial with therotor and removable therefrom in one direction axially and normally heldfrom rotation therewith, said rotor having a yarn passage extendingtherethrough in the other direction and past the holder to an eccentricpoint of the rotor and through which yarn from said mass is to extendand then reach from the rotor in the first direction, a detent movableto one position to oppose removal of said holder and to another positionclear of the same and of the portion of the yarn which reaches in thefirst direction, and means movable to apply braking action to the rotorand controlling the position of said detent.

11. The yarn twisting unit set forth in claim 10 characterized by saiddetent being normally urged to the position to oppose removal of saidholder and by said means when moved to check the braking action beingadapted to move said detent in the opposite direction.

12. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled therein,a holder for a wound mass journaled on the rotor and oiIset in one axialdirection from the stator and normally held from rotation with therotor, said rotor and holder providing a yarn passage extendingsubstantially axially therethrough in the opposite direction and to aneccentric point of the rotor between the stator and holder, and atension member supported by one of the members formed by the rotor andholder and movable transversely of the axis of the rotor against andfrom and normally urged against the yarn extending through said passage.

13. A yarn twisting unit comprising a stator, a rotor journaled therein,a holder for a wound mass journalled on the rotor and offset in oneaxial direction from the stator and normally held from rotation with therotor, said rotor and holder providing a yarn passage extendingsubstantially axially therethrough in the opposite direction and to aneccentric point of the rotor between the stator and holder, and atension member in the holder movable transversely of th axis of therotor against and from and normally urged against the yarn extendingthrough said passage.

14. The yarn twisting unit set forth in claim 12 characterized by saidholder being removable from the rotor and by said tension means beingarranged in the holder.

15. In combination, a support having a bore and a tension assemblymovable lengthwise of and in the bore, said assembly comprising amounting'and a member movable thereon and normally urged to coact withthe mounting to exert tension on yarn extended through the bore and pastsaid member and said support having means to engage and retract saidmember when said assembly is moved in the bore.

16. In combination, a support having a bore, a tension assembly movablein'one direction lengthwise of and in the bore, and a spring opposingsuch movement of said assembly, said assembly comprising a mounting anda member movable thereon and normally urged to coact with the mountingto exert tension on yarn' extended through the bore and past said memberand said support having means to engage and retract said member whensaid assembly is moved in said direction.

17. In combination, a supporting structure having a bore, a membermovable against and from yarn extended through the bore, a rotaryadjusting device arranged in and coaxial with the bore and having ayarn-bore, and a helical spring connecting said device and member andnormally urging the latter against the yarn.

18. In combination, a supporting structure having a bore,'a membermovable against and from yarn extended through the bore, a rotaryadjusting device arranged in and coaxial with the bore and having ayarn-bore, and movable back and forth lengthwise of the first bore, anda helical spring connecting said device and member and normally urgingthe latter against the yarn, said structure and device having coactivemeans to'lock the latter against rotation upon movement thereoflengthwise in one direction. FREDERICK KLEIN.

